1340 |
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January |
The Anglo-Flemish alliance is proclaimed; Edward leaves Antwerp for England25: Edward III assumes the title “king of England and France” | In the autumn, the Scots drive Balliol out againEdward and Parliament have a stormy relationship that comes to a head after his return to England and his sacking of his ministers. Eventually, Edward agrees that only Parliament can impose taxes and has the right to audit the king’s accounts; that peers can only be arrested, judged, or outlawed by full parliament; and that all royal ministers are to be appointed in parliament and sworn to obey the realm’s laws. |
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February |
6: John of Ghent, Edward’s third son, is born21: Edward returns from France. He sacks his councilors, blaming them for his failures in France. | |
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June |
22: Edward sails for the continent24: Battle of Sluys | |
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July |
Edward, despite lacking siege engines, lays siege to Tournai. The siege fails after two months but not before a large French army appears, watches, but refuses to offer battle. | |
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August |
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September |
A nine month armistice between France and England is to extend to Acquitaine and Scotland | |
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October |
Edward recants his agreement with Parliament. He does not call another parliament for two years | |
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November |
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December |
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1341 |
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January |
A dynastic struggle breaks out in Brittany. The French support Jeanne, Count of Blois and niece of the dead duke while the English support John of Montfort, the half-brother of the dead duke. Ironically (or perhaps cynically) each faction supports the opposite basis of the claim of legitimate succession that they hold in the great war over succession to the French throne | |
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January |
The French sack Portsmouth again and threaten Southampton.Border fighting continues in Acquitaine | |
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1343 |
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January |
Truce in Brittany | Edward of Woodstock is made Prince of Wales (a place he apparently never visited in his lifetime) |
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1344 |
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January |
Edward III defaults on loans from Italian banks, causing two of the largest to go broke. Unsurpringly, his credit with Italian bankers dries up. | |
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1345 |
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January |
Edward III develops a new strategy and attacks on three fronts: Edward doesn’t get his part going but Henry of Grosmnont, the Earl of Derby, and Sir Hugh Hastings lead a strike at upper Gascony and Sir Thomas Dagworth leads the offensive in Brittany | |
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July |
Edward launches the third front in Normandy, controlling it after a short campaign, rich in spoils. He then marches for Flanders but is opposed at all river crossings. | |
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August |
25: Battle of Crécy | |
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September |
Edward lays siege to Calais | |
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October |
17: At the battle of Neville’s Cross, the Scots are defeated and David II is taken prisoner and sent to the Tower of London. | |
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November |
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1347 |
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January |
27: at Roche, Sir Thomas Dagworth routs the partisans of Charles de Blois, capturing Charles (Charles is ransomed by the king of France for 25000 gold crowns) | |
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July |
Philip VI marches to relieve Calais | |
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August |
2: After Edward III refuses a challenge to combat and Philip refusing to lead his army in an attack, the French army decamps. The Calais garrison throws its royal standard in the ditch.4: siege of Calais ends | |
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September |
A truce is arranged at the request of Pope Clement VI | |
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October |
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November |
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1348 |
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January |
The Black Death breaks out in Marseille | |
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June |
Edward III founds the Order of the Garter at Windsor | |
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July |
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October |
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1349 |
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January |
The Black Death is spreading across France. | |
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August |
The Black Death appears in Dorset | |
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September |
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October |
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November |
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December |
There is an attempt by treachery to recover Calais for the French, but it fails. |
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